| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2023 | Volume
: 7
| Issue : 1 | Page : 3-7 |
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The impact of vaccination to clinical severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients
Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi1, Pande Putu Januraga1, Ni Made Dewi Dian Sukmawati1, Anak Agung Ayu Yuli Gayatri1, I Made Susila Utama1, I Ketut Agus Somia1, Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati1, Richard Christian Suteja2, Giovanca Verentzia Purnama2
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
2 Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Correspondence Address:
Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Jl. Rumah Sakit Unud, Jimbaran, Kec. Kuta Sel., Kabupaten Badung, Bali 80361
Indonesia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/bjoa.bjoa_268_22
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Background: SARS-CoV-2 was discovered in December 2019 and later become global pandemic. Preliminary studies stated that broad vaccine coverage will suppress mortality and incidence of COVID-19. Therefore, we conduct a cross-sectional study to assess the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination. Materials and Methods: We collected secondary data from electronic medical records of 343 COVID-19 positive patients confirmed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from July 2021 to December 2021. We analyzed epidemiologic data, vaccination history, baseline symptoms, comorbidity, baseline vital signs, and outcome using hypothesis testing χ2 and logistic regression. Results: Sex had an χ2 of 9.34 (P < 0.001) while type of vaccine had an χ2 of 1.49 (P = 0.22) to clinical severity. Age, pulse rate, respiration rate, body temperature, and Glasgow coma scale were found to be significant risk factors to clinical severity. Number of vaccines previously received was found to be a protective factor to clinical severity (odds ratio (OR) = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.32–0.74, P < 0.001). We also found that sex (χ2 = 10.42, P < 0.001) was a predictor to discharge condition. Moreover, age was also found to be a significant predictor (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.03–1.05, P < 0.001), as well as number of symptoms (OR = 0.66, P < 0.001), comorbidities (OR = 1.64, P < 0.001), pulse rate (OR = 1.04, P < 0.001), respiration rate (OR = 1.17, P < 0.001), and Glasgow coma scale (OR = 0.72, P = 0.03). Conclusion: Age, sex, number of vaccines received, number of symptoms, number of comorbidities, pulse rate, and respiration rate were significant predictors of clinical severity and outcome in COVID-19 patients. In addition, body temperature was also a predictor for clinical severity, while Glasgow coma scale was a predictor for outcome. |
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